Fulfilling a Religious Duty: Emigration of Hausa Salafists of Ghana to Saudi Arabia
top of page
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute

Law and Humanities
Quarterly Reviews

ISSN 2827-9735

Judge Gavel
 Scales of Justice
City Crowds
People in Library
crossref
doi
open access

Published: 25 December 2022

Fulfilling a Religious Duty: Emigration of Hausa Salafists of Ghana to Saudi Arabia

Mohammed Salisu

Qatar University

asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
pdf download

Download Full-Text Pdf

doi

10.31014/aior.1996.01.04.45

Pages: 172-182

Keywords: Ghana, Saudi Arabia, Gulf Kingdom, Hausa Salafists, Secular Education, Emigration

Abstract

Literature on West African migrants to the Gulf Arab States have over the years been enmeshed in what has come to be known as ‘Pull-Push’ factors, the socio-economic forces influencing movements of people. Despite enduring link between religion and migration of West Africans to the Gulf Arab sub-region, the subject is yet to receive the needed academic attention. This article fills the vacuum by illuminating a connection between secular education and the emigration of Hausa Salafists of Ghana to Saudi Arabia. It reveals how the coming into force of the Free Compulsory Universal Basic Education (FCUBE) policy in 1995 spurred the Hausa Salafists on to settle in the Gulf Kingdom. Thus, the article argues that unlike the traditional Ghanaian migrants in Saudi Arabia, the Hausa Salafists do not intend to ever return to homeland Ghana.

References

Abdul Karim, Amina. (2018). (A female member of the Hausa Salafists), interview, Mecca, 18 June 2018.
Abdul Karim, Rabiyatu. (2018). (A female Member of the Hausa Salafists), interview, Medina, 20 June 2018.
Afolayan, A. A. (1998). Emigration Dynamics in Nigeria: Landlessness, Poverty, Ethnicity and Differential Responses (Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 1998).
Amara, Ramzi. (2011). The Izalah Movements in Nigeria: Its Splits, Relationship to Sufis and Perception of Sharia Re-Implementation, PhD Dissertation (Bayreuth International Graduate School of African Studies, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, 2011).
Anderson, Cory Anderson. (2016). Religiously Motivated Migration, The Sociological Quarterly, 57.3, 2016, pp.387- 414.
Aremu, J. Olaosebikan. (2014). Exploring the Role of Trade and Migrations in Nigeria – Ghana Relations in the Pre – Colonial and Colonial Periods, Bahir Dar: Ethiopia, 3.4, 2014, pp. 142 – 156.
Asad, Muhammad. (1980). The Message of the Qur’an (Gibraltar: Dar Al-Andalus, 1980).
Ayoob, Mohammed. (2011). The Many Faces of Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2011).
Beblawi, Hazem. (1987). The Rentier State in the Arab World, London: Croom Helm, 1987, pp. 49 – 62.
Cole, Juan R. I. (2003). The Taliban, Women, and the Hegelian Private Sphere, Social Research: An International Quarterly, 70.3, 2003, pp. 771 – 808.
Dakubu, Mary Esther Kropp. (2008). Ga-English dictionary, with English-Ga index. 2 eds (Accra: Black Mask, 2008).
Dupré, Annemarie. (2008). Migration in a Globalized World (Hungary: MOZAIK Publishing House, 2008).
Danladi, Musah, et al. (2018). (A ten-member male and female Hausa Salafists), focus group discussion, Medina, 25 June 2018.
Ekundayo, Osifunke. (2018). The Right to Free and Compulsory Primary Education in Ghana: Lessons for Other African Countries, New York: Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization, 69 (2018), pp. 105 - 116
Hegghammer, Thomas. (2010). Jihad in Saudi Arabia: Violence and Pan-Islamism since 1979 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010).
Ibrahim, Salimatu. (2018). (A female member of the Hausa Salafists), interview, Medina, 20 June 2018.
Issah, Fatimatu. (2018). (A female member of the Hausa Salafists), interview, Medina, 20 June 2018.
Kobo, Ousman. (2016). Patterns for Progress: Madrasa Education and Sub-Saharan Muslim’s Pursuits of Socioeconomic Development. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2016.
Kobo, Ousman. (2015). Shifting Trajectories of Salafi/Ahl-Sunna Reformism in Ghana, Leiden: Islamic Africa, Vol. 6, 2015, pp. 60 – 81.
Kobo, Ousman. (2010). We are citizens too: the Politics of Citizenship in Independent Ghana. Cambridge: Journal of Modern African Studies, 48.01, 2010, pp. 67 – 94.
Krohne, Heinz. (2001). Stress and Coping Theories. Amsterdam: International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences: Elsevier, 2001.
Ikuteyijo, Lanre O. (2020). “Irregular Migration as Survival Strategy: Narratives from Youth in Urban Nigeria”. Palgrave McMillan: Cultural Studies in Africa and the Diaspora, 2020, pp. 53 – 77.
Little, Angela. (2010). Access to Basic Education in Ghana: Politics, Policies and Progress. Brighton: Consortium for Research on Educational Access, Transitions and Equity, 2010.
Moghadam, Assaf. (2013). Top-Down and Bottom-Up Innovation in Terrorism: The Case of the 9/11 Attacks. JSTOR: International Institute for Counterterrorism, Working Paper 18, 2013.
Myjoyonline.com. (2014). “Mother Wants Oyibi Forest Fake Pastor Arrested”, 24 February 2014,
Available online at https://www.myjoyonline.com/news/mother/wants/Oyibi/Fake/Pastor/arrested
O’Brien, Susan. (1999). Pilgrimage, Power, and Identity: The Role of the Hajj in the Lives of Nigerian Hausa Bori Adepts, Africa Today, 46.3, 1999, pp. 11 – 40.
Owusu, George. (2010). Social Effects of Poor Sanitation and Waste Management on Poor Urban Communities: A Neighborhood-Specific Study of Sabon Zongo, Accra, Journal of Urbanism: International Research on Placemaking and Urban Sustainability, 3.2, 2010, pp. 145 - 160.
Patel, Youshaa. (2018). Whoever Imitates a People Becomes One of Them: A Hadith and its Interpreters, Brill, 25.4, 2018, pp. 359 – 426.
Pellow, Deborah. (1991). The Power of Space in the Evolution of an Accra Zongo. Durham: Duke University Press, 1991.
Pellow, Deborah. (1988). What Housing Does: Changes in an Accra Community, Arch. & Comport. /Arch. Behav., 4.3, 1988, pp. 213 – 228.
Saeed, Abdullah (2006). Islamic Thought: An Introduction. Routledge: London and New York 2006).
Salisu, B. Aliyu. (2011). Kano to Jeddah – Explanations on Migration Dynamics of Nigerian Migrants and Traffickers in Saudi Arabia. Working paper submitted at Gulf Research Conference Meeting, 2011.
Samwini, Nathan. (2006). The Muslim Resurgence in Ghana since 1950: Its Effects upon Muslim and Muslim-Christian Relations. Berlin: Lit Verlag, 2006.
Shehu, Abdullah. (2018). (President of the Shura Council of the Hausa Salafists), interview, Medina, 21 June 2018.
Sounaye, Abdoulaye (2017). Salafi Revolution in West Africa. Berlin: Leibniz-Zentrum Moderner Orient, Working paper, 2017.
Stadler, Nurit (2002). “Is Profane Work an Obstacle to Salvation? The Case of Ultra- Orthodox (Haredi) Jews in Contemporary Israel.” Sociology of Religion 63.4, 2002, pp. 455 - 474.
Statistical Service of Ghana. (2020) Population and Housing Census, Table 16: Population by sex, religious affiliation, and region, 2020.
The New Penguin English Dictionary. (1986). Twi, London: The Penguin Group, 1986.
The Oxford English Dictionary. (1989). Hausa, 2 eds. Oxford: Oxford University Press,1989.
Thurston, Alexander. (2018). Boko Haram: The History of an African Jihadist Movement. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2018.
Wellman, James and Matthew Keyes. (2007). Portable Politics and Durable Religion: The Moral Worldviews of American Evangelical Missionaries. Sociology of Religion, 68.4, 2007, pp. 383– 406.
Wiktorowicz, Quintan. (2006). Anatomy of the Salafi Movement. Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 29.3, 2006, pp. 219–240.
Wilks, Ivor. (2000). “The Jula and the Expansion of Islam into the Forest”, The History of Islam in Africa. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2000, pp. 99 - 109.

bottom of page