top of page
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute

Journal of Health and Medical Sciences

ISSN 2622-7258

Screen Shot 2018-08-12 at 1.24.09 AM.png
Screen Shot 2018-08-12 at 1.24.02 AM.png
Screen Shot 2018-08-12 at 1.23.57 AM.png
Screen Shot 2018-08-12 at 1.23.52 AM.png
crossref
doi
open access

Published: 21 June 2021

Identification of Risk Factors for Typhoid Fever in Children Admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Soma Halder, Md. Ekhlasur Rahman, Mst Mukta Sarker, Fabia Hannan Mone, Kuntal Roy, Gule Tajkia

Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Hospital (Bangladesh), Combined Military Hospital (Bangladesh), World Health Organization (Bangladesh),

journal of social and political sciences
pdf download

Download Full-Text Pdf

doi

10.31014/aior.1994.04.02.168

Pages: 158-162

Keywords: Enteric Fever, Risk Factors, Children

Abstract

Enteric fever remains a major public health problem in developing countries like Bangladesh. Improvement in the health facility, vaccination, and health-related awareness program the incidence of enteric fever among children is not decreased. The study aimed to find out the risk factors for enteric fever in hospitalized children in a tertiary care hospital. Methodology: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to identify the risk factors in children residing in Dhaka city. We enrolled 50 enteric fever cases as a case group and 50 age-matched febrile patients as a control group. Result: Out of 50 cases, 2 patients were below one year and most of them were pre-school aged 26(52%). Univariate analysis showed that enteric fever is more who take food with the help of the mother and caregiver (OR=7.1); 95% CI= 26.7 -61.3) and never or rarely wash hands before preparing food and before feeding (OR= 5.7; 95% CI= 23.2 -52.8). Cases were eating outdoors at the mobile food vendors and consuming ice-cream regularly (OR=2.28; 95% CI=1- 39) whereas the control group also took street food but less frequently. Conclusion: Enteric fever is an exclusive food and water-borne systemic disease and one of the major public health problems in Bangladesh. Not only overcrowding, unsafe drinking water are the common risk factors but also hand washing both children and caregiver, poor food habit is the important risk factors. So, health education to children and food handlers may reduce the incidence of enteric fever in children.

References

  1. Kliegman RM et.al., (2011). Nelson’s text book of pediatrics. 19th ed. Sunders; New York: Elsevier,p. 948-958.

  2. Crump JA et.al.,(2010). Global Trends in Typoid and Paratyphoid Fever. Clin Infectious Dis.,50:241.

  3. Mogasale V et.al.,(2014).Burden of typhoid fever in low-income and middle income countries: a systemic, literature-based update with risk –factor adjustment. Lancet Glob Health,2(10):e570-580.

  4. Laishram N et.al.,(2016). Clinical profile of enteric fever in children. J Evolution Med Dent Sci,5(2),114-116,DoI:10.14260/jemds/2016/28.

  5. Ahmad KA et.al.,(2000).A 12 years clinical experience with pediatric salmonellosis from an endemic population in Karachi. The international society for Infectious Diseases meeting, Argentina.

  6. Sinha A et.al.,(1999).Typhoid fever in children aged less than five years. Lancet,354:734-737.

  7. Rahman AKMM et.al., (2011).Ahmad M, Begum RS, Hossain MZ, Hoque SA, Matin A, et al. Prevalence of typhoid fever among the children in a semi-urban area of Bangladesh. J Dhaka Med Coll,20(1):37-34.

  8. Afroz H et.al.,(2014). A-6 year retrospective study of blood stream salmonella infection and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Tzu Chi Med J, 26: 73-78.

  9. Saha SK et.al.,(2001). Typhoid fever in Bangladesh: implications for vaccination policy. Pediatr Infect Dis J,20:521-524.

  10. ICDDR,B : Publication. Incidence of Typhoid fever, Dhaka 2001,(2003). Health and Science Bulletin 2003; 1(3): 1-4.

  11. Milligan R et.al.,(2018).Vaccines for preventing typhoid fever. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 5(5):CD001261,DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001261.pub4.

  12. Dewan A.M., et al., (2013).Typoid Fever and its association with environmental factors in the Dhaka Metropolitan Area of Bangladesh: a spatial and time-series approach. PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 7(1): p e1998 10.

  13. Rahman M et.al.,(2007). Rapid detection of early typhoid fever in endemic community children by the TUBEX 09-antibody test. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis,58(3): 275-81.

  14. Akbar MS et.al.,(1994). Therapeutic consideration in the management of typhoid fever, due to recent changes in the bacterial sensitivity pattern. DS (child) HJ,10(1): 18-20.

  15. Ochai RLet.al.,(2008). A study of typhoid fever in five Asian countries: disease burden and implication for controls. Bull World Health Organ,86(4): 260-8.

  16. Usera MA et.al.,(1993).Investigation of an outbreak of Salmonella typhi in a public school in Madrid . European journal of Epidemiology 9, 351-254.

  17. Parry CM et.al.,(2002).Typhoid fever. N Engl J Med,347:1770-1780.

  18. Luby SP et.al.,(1998).Risk factors for typhoid fever in a endemic setting, Karachi, Pakistan. Epidemiology and infection 120, 129-138.

  19. Tinaya-Superable JF et.al.,(1995). Multidrug resistant Salmonella typhi outbreak in Metro Manila, Philippines. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 26(suppl. 2.), 37.

bottom of page