Journal of Health and Medical Sciences
ISSN 2622-7258
Published: 08 August 2023
Evaluating the Strength of Evidence on the Effectiveness of Accommodative Support Lens on Computer Vision Syndrome
Henry Omoregie Egharevba
National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development
Download Full-Text Pdf
10.31014/aior.1994.06.03.274
Pages: 26-31
Keywords: Computer Vision Syndrome, Accommodative Lenses, Occular, Extraoccular, Digital Screen, Ergonomics
Abstract
Computer vision syndrome is a disease that has emerged with the advent of the computer and digital age. It is most associated with long-hour users of digital screen devices. Its symptoms are ocular and extraocular and may include blur or double vision, and other visual discomforts such as redness, irritation, dry eye, watery eye, headache, neck and shoulder pains, back aches and tendonitis. Several studies have reported a prevalence rate of between 10-90%. Depending on a number of factors, different treatment approaches have been adopted by physicians for primary and secondary care. These approaches include optimization of ergonomics, progressive addition of lenses, use of nutritional supplements, and artificial tears. The validity of the efficacy of these approaches has continued to generate debates among public health stakeholders due to limited evidence. This article discusses the strength of evidence of the use of accommodative support lenses in alleviating the symptoms of computer vision syndrome, with a special focus on the work of Seguí-Crespo et al., 2022.
References
Alamri, A. et al. (2022) ‘Computer vision syndrome: Symptoms, risk factors, and practices’, Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 11(9), pp. 5110-5115. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1627_21
Bhargava, R., Kumar P. and Arora, Y. (2016) ‘Short-term omega 3 fatty acids treatment for dry eye in young and middle-aged visual display terminal users’, Eye Contact Lens, 42(4), pp. 231-236.
Bhargava, R. et al. (2013) ‘A randomized controlled trial of omega-3 fatty acids in dry eye syndrome’, International Journal of Ophthalmology, 6(6), pp. 811-816.
Blehm, C. et al. (2005) ‘Computer vision syndrome: a review’, Survey of Ophthalmology, 50(3), pp. 253-262.
Brautaset, R. et al. (2008) ‘Accommodation insufficiency in children: are exercises better than reading glasses?’, Strabismus,16, pp. 65–69.
Coles-Brennan, C., Sulley, A. and Young, G. (2019) ‘Management of digital eye strain’, Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 102(1), pp. 18-29.
Gangamma, M.P., Poonam and Rajagopala, M. (2010) ‘A clinical study on “computer vision syndrome” and its management with Triphalaeye drops and Saptamrita Lauha’, Ayurveda, 31(2), pp. 236-239.
Iqbal, M. et al. (2021) ‘Computer Vision Syndrome Prevalence and Ocular Sequelae among Medical Students: A University-Wide Study on a Marginalized Visual Security Issue’, The Open Ophthalmology Journal, 15, pp.156-170. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874364102115010156
Kee, C.S. et al. (2018) ‘Effects of progressive addition lenses wear on digital work in pre-presbyopes’, Optometry and Vision Science, 95(5), pp. 457-467.
Koh, S. et al. (2020) ‘Quantification of accommodative response and visual performance in non-presbyopes wearing low-add contact lenses’, Contact Lenses and Anterior Eye, 43(3), pp. 226-231.
Krueger, D.W. (2022) Evidence-BasedPractice Toolkit. Darrell W. Krueger Library. Winona State University, Winona, Minnesota. Available at: https://libguides.winona.edu/c.php?g=11614&p=61584 (Accessed: 10 December 2022)
LaMorte, W.W. and Sullivan, L. (2016) ‘Confounding and Effect Measure Modification’. Boston University School of Public Health. Available at: http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/BS/BS704-EP713_Confounding-EM/BS704- EP713_Confounding-EM2.html (Accessed: 30 December 2022).
Lin, J.B. et al. (2017) ‘Short-wavelength light-blocking eyeglasses attenuate symptoms of eye fatigue’, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 58(1), pp. 442-447.
Lockhart, T. E. and Shi, W. (2010) ‘Effects of age on dynamic accommodation’, Ergonomics, 53(7), pp. 892–903. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2010.489968
Matsui, E.C. and Keet C.A. (2017) ‘Weighing the evidence: Bias and confounding in epidemiologic studies in allergy/immunology’, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 139(2), pp. 448–450. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.09.03
Dirani, M. et al. (2008) ‘Dominant Genetic Effects on Corneal Astigmatism: The Genes in Myopia (GEM) Twin Study’, Investigative Ophthalmology Visual Science, 49(4), pp. 1339-1344. doi: https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.07-1011
Ozawa, Y. et al. (2015) ‘Bilberry extract supplementation for preventing eye fatigue in video display terminal workers’, Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging, 19(5), pp. 548-554.
Pinchbeck, G.L. and Archer, D.C. (2020) ‘How to critically appraise a paper’, Equine Veterinary Education, 32 (2), pp. 104-109. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eve.12896
Public Health Action Support Team (PHAST). (2022) Role of chance, bias and confounding in epidemiological studies. Available at: https://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/e-learning/epidemiology/practitioners/chance-bias-confounding (Accessed: 30 December 2022)
Segui, M. del-M. et al. (2015) ‘A reliable and valid questionnaire was developed to measure computer vision syndrome at the workplace’, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 68(6), pp. 662-673.
Seguí-Crespo, M. del-M. et al. (2022) ‘Randomised controlled trial of an accommodative support lenses designed for computer users’, Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 42, pp. 82–93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/opo.12913
Sheedy, J.E., Hayes, J.N. and Engle, J. (2003) Is all asthenopia the same? Optometry and Vision Science, 80(11), pp. 732-739
Singh, S., Downie, L.E. and Anderson, A.J. (2021) ‘Do blue-blocking lenses reduce eye strain from extended screen time? A double-masked randomized controlled trial’, American Journal of Ophthalmology, 226, pp. 243-251.
Singh, S. et al. (2022) ‘Interventions for the Management of Computer Vision Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis’, Ophthalmology, 129, pp. 1192-1215. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.05.009
Sun, F. et al. (1988) ‘Changes in accommodation with age: Static and dynamic’, Optometry and Vision Science, 65(6), pp. 492-498
Thorud, H.M. et al. (2012) ‘Eye-related pain induced by visually demanding computer work’, Optometry and Vision Science, 89(4), pp. 452-464. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/OPX.0b013e31824c1801
Wahlberg, M., Abdi, S. and Brautaset, R. (2010) ‘Treatment of accommodative insufficiency with plus lenses reading addition: is +1.00 D better than +2.00 D?’, Strabismus, 18, pp. 67–71.
White, I.R., Horton, N.J., Carpenter, J. and Pocock, S.J. (2011) ‘Strategy for intention to treat analysis in randomised trials with missing outcome data’, BMJ, 342, d40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d40
Yammouni, R. and Evans. B.J. (2020) ‘An investigation of low power convex lenses (adds) for eyestrain in the digital age (CLEDA)’, Journal of Optometry, 13, pp. 198–209.