Economics and Business
Quarterly Reviews
ISSN 2775-9237 (Online)
Published: 16 October 2019
Ethnic Consumer Markets and Movie Marketing: An Empirical Study on Marvel’s ‘Black Panther’ and Predictive Analytics of Ethnic Consumer Behavior of Moviegoers
D. Anthony Miles, Josh Garcia, Rossano Gerald, Wanda Goodnough, Lisa Mendez, dt Ogilvie, Eniola Olagundoye, Shantana Robinson, E. L. Seay
Miles Development Industries Corporation, Palo Alto College, University of Maryland Global Campus, Ashford University, IQVIA Hospital & Health Care, Rochester Institute of Technology, Texas Southern University, Northcentral University, Albany State University
Download Full-Text Pdf
10.31014/aior.1992.02.04.153
Pages: 1084-1105
Keywords: Ethnic Consumer Markets, Black Panther, Moviegoers
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the movie, Marvel’s Black Panther and the predictive analytics of ethnic consumer behavior of moviegoers We examined box office receipts and trends on movies and box office successful films. The problem identified as a basis for this study is to examining marketing strategy and tactics of movie marketing in terms of traditional and non-traditional media strategy to moviegoers. This study is a continuation of the researchers' prior research on movie marketing and strategy and regression model predicting box office revenue. The overall objective of this research is threefold. First objective we examine what are the key ad variables that influence movie goers to see the movie. Second, the objective examined, how many key ad factors are a major influence on movie goers to see the movie. Last, the objective examined was how many key ad variables were an influence both online and offline ticket sales to see the movie. The study sample was taken across the country. We used a three-step process in the research design. This study had a protocol of studies. First, researchers conducted a pilot study with a (N = 147) moviegoers. Second, the formal was conducted on a larger size sample (N = 372) of moviegoers. The researchers used three statistical test designs: (a) descriptive statistics; (b) principle component analysis (PCA); and a (c) structural equation modeling (SEM). The results revealed two key findings. First, there were three factors that influence movie goers of the Black Panther movie: (1) Combination PR Activities; (2) Traditional Movie Marketing Ads and (3) Current and Future Movie Preferences. Second, we found that using the movie ad variables as endogenous variables, they were strong influences on moviegoer frequency. The use of social media to get information about movies was prevalent in the data.
References
- Beck, B. (2018). Guess Who’s Coming to the Oscars: Multicultural Breakthroughs in Black Panther and Other Recent Movies. Multicultural Perspectives, 20(3), 162-166.
- Beer, Jeff. (2018, February 21). The Best Market for Black Panther Was Making Black Panther. Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/40533969/the-best-marketing-for-black-panther-was-actually-making-black-panther
- Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Equation Modeling, Psychological Bulletin 107 (2),238–246.
- Brown, T. (2006). Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
- Burnett, L., & Hoffman, A. (2017). Black is the new green: Marketing to affluent African Americans. Springer.
- Cheung, J. (2018, February 21). Black Panther: The Future of Cultural Marketing. The Marketing Journal. Retrieved from http://www.marketingjournal.org/black-panther-the-future-of-cultural-marketing/
- DeVellis, R. (1991). Scale development: Theory and Applications. Applied Social Research Methods Series, Volume 26. Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Eckhardt, G. M. (2018). Black Panther: Thrills, Postcolonial Discourse, and Blacktopia. Markets, Globalization & Development Review, 3(2).
- Flynn, E. (2018). Discovering audience motivations behind movie theater attendance. Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 9(2), 94-103.
- Garson, D. (1998). Factor Analysis. Retrieved from http://faculty.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/PA765/factor.htm#factoring
- Gbadamosi, A. (2015). Brand personification and symbolic consumption among ethnic minority teenage consumers: An empirical study. Journal of Brand Management, 22(9), 737-754.
- Hair, J., Anderson, R., Tatham, R. & Black, W. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis with Reading (5th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
- Hu, L. T. & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
- Huck, S., Cormier, W. & Bounds, W. (1974). Reading Statistics and Research. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
- Huang, Y., Oppewal, H., & Mavondo, F. (2013). The influence of ethnic attributes on ethnic consumer choice of service outlet. European Journal of Marketing, 47(5/6), 877-898.
- IMDb. (2019). Black Panther. Retrieved from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1825683/
- Ingram, D. (2018, December 17). Target Market Vs. Target Audience. Small Business – Chron.com. Retrieved from http://smallbusiness.chron.com/target-market-vs-target-audience-10247.html
- Iyare, R. (2016, February 23). What Big Brands Should learn from the Black Panther Movie Narrative. Medium. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@richardiyare/what-big-brands-should-learn-from-the-black-panther-movie-narrative-e32388000c24
- Kara, K. (2018). Why Black Panther matters. Green Left Weekly, (1174), 26.
- Kline, R. (1998). Principles and Practices of Structural Equation Modeling. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
- Lakusta, M., & Ratyosyan, A. (2016, October 12). Black Panther: The Opening of the American Mind: Intercultural Affinity Segmentation. The Marketing Journal. Retrieved from http://www.marketingjournal.org/the-opening-of-the-american-mind-intercultural-affinity-segmentation-by-mike-lakusta-and-aret-ratyosyan/
- Lang, B., & Lopez, R. (2018, February 5). ‘Black Panther’s’ grassroots marketing movement is unlike any other Marvel movie. Variety. Retrieved from https://variety.com/2018/film/news/black-panther-grassroots-marvel-theaters-1202687225/
- Lin, C. A., & Xu, X. (2017). Effectiveness of online consumer reviews: The influence of valence, reviewer ethnicity, social distance and source trustworthiness. Internet Research, 27(2), 362-380.
- Mendelson, S. (2018, March 5). 'Black Panther' box office: More records and milestones as it nears $900m worldwide. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2018/03/05/black-panther-box-office-more-records-and-milestones-as-it-nears-900m-worldwide/
- Mulaik, S. (1972). Foundations of Factor Analysis (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Chapman & Hall Publishing.
- Narcisse, E. (2016, May 6). The Politics of Marvel’s Black Panther. Kotaku. Retrieved from https://kotaku.com/the-politics-of-the-black-panther-1766701304
- Peñaloza, L. (2018). Ethnic marketing practice and research at the intersection of market and social development: A macro study of the past and present, with a look to the future. Journal of Business Research, 82, 273-280.
- Rummel, R. J. (1970). Applied Factor Analysis. Evanston, NJ: Northwestern University Press.
- Tabachnick, B & Fidell, L. (2007). Using Multivariate Statistics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
- Vogt, P. (1993). Dictionary of Statistics and Methodology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Xu, J., Shim, S., Lotz, S., & Almeida, D. (2004). Ethnic identity, socialization factors, and culture‐specific consumption behavior. Psychology & Marketing, 21(2), 93-112.
- Wise, S. (2018, April 3). The Success of 'Black Panther' Illustrates a Smart Business Strategy. Inc.Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/sean-wise/this-1-strategy-used-by-black-panther-could-be-key-to-your-startups-success.html
- Zhang, Y. (2015). The Impact of Brand Image on Consumer Behavior: A Literature Review. Open Journal of Business and Management, 3, 58-62.