Journal of Social and Political
Sciences
ISSN 2615-3718 (Online)
ISSN 2621-5675 (Print)
Published: 29 September 2022
Overlapping Central Government Policy with Regional Governments: Study of Conflict Anchor Port Management in Kepulauan Riau Province 2017-2022
Bismar Arianto, Aditya Perdana, Maswadi Rauf
Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Download Full-Text Pdf
10.31014/aior.1991.05.03.371
Pages: 143-157
Keywords: Anchoring, Central-Regional Conflict, Decentralization, Policy Overlap
Abstract
This study discusses the implementation of decentralization that triggers conflict. The case study is the conflict in the management of anchorage in the Riau Islands Province in 2017-2022. This conflict occurred between the Ministry of Transportation (central government) and the Riau Islands Provincial Government (local government). The findings of this study indicate that the conflict between the two parties occurred due to overlapping, mutual claims of authority to use marine space for the anchorage area. This conflict is further complicated by the different interpretations of nine government agencies on anchor management policies. This difference occurs vertically and horizontally. This study shows the strengthening of the dominance of the central government in the era of decentralization in Indonesia, this indicates a shift in the decentralization pendulum towards re-centralization.
References
Abdullah, Dudung. (2016). Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat Dengan Pemerintah Daerah [Relations between Central Government and Local Government]. Jurnal Hukum Positum, Vol. 1, No. 1, Desember, Hal 83-103.
Armin. (2003). Hubungan Pusat Daerah : Konflik di Bidang Keuangan Dalam Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur [Relations between the Regional Center: Conflict in the Financial Sector in the Implementation of Regional Autonomy in the Province of East Kalimantan]. Program Doktor FISIP UI.
Asshidiqie, Jimly. (2004). Konstitusi dan Konstitusionalisme Indonesia [Indonesian Constitution and Constitutionalism]. Mahkamah Konstitusi RI dan Pusat Studi Hukum Tata Negara Fakultas Hukum UI, Jakarta.
Convery, A. and Lundberg, T. C. (2017). Decentralization and the Centre Right in the UK and Spain: Central Power and Regional Responsibility, Territory, Politics, Governance, 5(4), pp. 388-405. (doi:10.1080/21622671.2016.1234406).
Coser, Lewis A. (1957). Social Conflict and the Theory of Social Change. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 8, No. 3. Sep. Hlm 197-207.
Creswell, Jhon W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed-Methods Approaches. California: SAGE Publications, terjemahan Ahmad Fawaid, Pustaka Pelajar, 2017.
De Alwis, R. (2020). Federalism or Devolution of Power? Sri Lanka's Perspectives, Asia &. The Pacific Policy Studies, 7(1), 124-130.
Effendi, Winda Roselina. (2016). Hubungan Pusat dan Daerah Pasca Desentralisasi : Konflik Kepentingan BP Batam dan Pemerintah Kota Batam dalam Pembagian Kewenangan Daerah Kota Batam Tahun 2007-2015 [Relations between the Center and the Regions Post-Decentralization: Conflict of Interests between BP Batam and Batam City Government in the Distribution of Regional Authority of Batam City in 2007-2015]. Departemen Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia.
Henderso, Graeme and Raikes, Luke (2014). Decentralisation Decade A Plan For Economic Prosperity, Public Service Transformation And Democratic Renewal In England. Institute for Public Policy Research, September.
Harguindéguy Jean-Baptiste; Rivera, Cristina Fernández & Sánchez, Almudena Sánchez. (2020). So Close Yet So Far: Intergovernmental Tensions In Spain. Regional Studies, ISSN: (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cres20, To link to this article: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00343404. 2020.1813882.
Hoessein, Bhenyamin. (1995). Desentralisasi dan Otonomi Daerah di Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia : Akan Berputarkah Roda Desentralisasi dari Efisiensi ke Demokrasi? [Decentralization and Regional Autonomy in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia: Will the Wheel of Decentralization Turn from Efficiency to Democracy?] Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar FISIP Universitas Indonesia, 18 November 1995.
. (2003). Penyempurnaan UU No. 22 Tahun 1999 Menurut Konsepsi Otonomi Daerah Hasil Amandemen UUD 1945 [Completion of Law no. 22 of 1999 According to the Concept of Regional Autonomy as a result of the Amendment to the 1945 Constitution]. Seminar Pembangunan Hukum Nasional VIII Tema Penegakan Hukum Dalam Era Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Diselenggarakan Oleh Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional Departemen Kehakiman Dan Hak Asasi Manusia RI Denpasar, 14 – 18 Juli.
Iwuamadi, A. (2001). Politics and Government, Benin: Uri Publishing Ltd.
Kaur, Sarabjit. (2006). Economic Inequalities And Political Conflict: A Study Of Theoretical Perspective. The Indian Journal of Political Science, Vol. 67, No. 4 (OCT. - DEC., 2006), pp. 733-744.
Kurniawati, Tenti. (2012). Konflik dalam Penentuan Dana Bagi Hasil antara Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Propinsi Kalimantan Timur [Conflict in the Determination of Revenue Sharing Funds between the Central Government and the Provincial Government of East Kalimantan]. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Volume 16, Nomor 1.
Lawrence, Neuman, W. et al. (2019). Research methods: qualitative and quantitative approaches, 7thed., Allyn and Bacon, Boston, terjemahan, Edina T. Sofia, PT. Indeks.
López, Emilio Rodríguez; Harguindéguy, Jean-Baptiste Paul & Sánchez, Almudena Sánchez .The perfect storm? How to explain the rise of intergovernmental conflicts in Spain? (1984–2014). Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research ISSN: 1351-1610 (Print) 1469-8412 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ciej20, To link to this article: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/ 13511610. 2018.1520628.
Magenda, Burhan Djabir. (2018) Peran Otonomi dan Konsolidasi Daerah dalam Penguatan Ketahanan Nasional di Indonesia [The Role of Regional Autonomy and Consolidation in Strengthening National Resilience in Indonesia]. Jurnal Strategi Ketahanan Nasional, September.
Ofoeze H.A.T. (2002). Local Government Administration, A Historical Perspective. Enugu: John Jacob’s Classical Publishers.
Prasojo, Eko; Ridwan, Irfan; Kurniawan, Teguh dan Karyana, Ayi. (2015). Konsep Dasar Desentralisasi dan Pemerintahan Daerah [Basic Concepts of Decentralization and Local Government]. Universitas Terbuka, Jakarta, pp. 1-44. ISBN 9789790119987.
Prasodjo, Eko. (2006). Konstruksi Ulang Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintahan Daerah di Indonesia : Antara Sentripetalisme dan Sentrifugalisme [Reconstruction of Relations between Central Government and Regional Government in Indonesia: Between Centripetalism and Centrifugalism], Pidato Pengukuhan Guru Besar FISIP Universitas Indonesia, September.
Putra, Bayu. (2014). Dampak Dualisme Kewenangan dalam Pelayanan Administrasi Penananaman Modal : Studi Kasus Implementasi Desentralisasi di Kota Batam [The Impact of Dualism of Authority in Investment Administration Services: A Case Study of the Implementation of Decentralization in Batam City]. Yogyakarta : Tesis MAP UGM.
Rauf, Maswardi. (2001). Konsensus dan Konflik Politik, Sebuah Penjajangan Teoritis [Political Consensus and Conflict, A Theoretical Assessment]. Dirjen Dikti, Jakarta.
Rondinelli, Dennis A. (1999). What Is Decentralization? in World Bank, Decentralization Briefing Notes. World Bank Institute Working Papers. Edited by Jennie Litvack and Jessica Seddon.
Schrottshammer, E. and U. Kievelitz. (2006). Decentralization: A Guideline. GTZ: Eschborn (Mimeo).
Setiawan, Agus. (2020). Konflik Kepentingan dan Konsensus Pusat Dengan Daerah Dalam Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Hutan (Studi Kasus Pengelolaan Hutan di Kabupaten Sintang Kalimantan Barat Tahun 1997-2003) [Conflict of Interest and Consensus between the Center and the Regions in the Management of Forest Resources (A Case Study of Forest Management in Sintang District, West Kalimantan 1997-2003)]. Program Doktor, FISIP UI.
Sondakh, Jemmy. (2017). Bagi Hasil Investasi Sebagai Hak Masyarakat Adat pada Wilayah Pertambangan di Era Otonomi Daerah [Investment Profit Sharing as the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Mining Areas in the Era of Regional Autonomy]. Jurnal Hukum Unsrat Vol. 23/No. 8/Januari/.
Surbakti, Ramlan. (2010). Memahami Ilmu Politik [Understanding Political Science]. Granesia, Jakarta.
Suryadi, Hery. (2008). Gerakan Riau Merdeka Menggugat Sentralisme Kekuasaan [Free Riau Movement Challenges Power Centralism]. Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta.
Wallensteen, Peter. (2002). Understanding Conflict Resolution: War, Peace and the Global System. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.
White, Roland and Smoke, Paul.(2005). East Asia Decentralizes dalam East Asia Decentralizes Making Local Government Work, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank.
Yin, Robert. K., Studi Kasus Desain dan Metode [Case Study Design and Method], terjemahan M. Djauzi Mudzakir, Rajagrafindo Persada, 2002.
Zaenuddin, Muhammad; Kumorotomo, Wahyudi; Saleh, Samsubar dan Hadna, Agus H. (2017) Dualisme Kelembagaan Antara Pemerintah Kota Dan Badan Pengusahaan Batam Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Kinerja Perekonomian Di Kota Batam [Institutional Dualism Between the City Government and the Batam Concession Agency and Its Impact on Economic Performance in Batam City]. Journal of Business Administration Vol 1, No 2, September. hlm. 219-231.
Zuhro, R. Siti. (2013) Politik Desentralisasi: Masalah dan Prospeknya [Politics of Decentralization: Problems and Prospects], Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, Edisi 43.
Undang-undang Dasar 1945 [1945 Constitution].
Undang-undang No 33 Tahun 2004 tentang Perimbangan Keuangan Antara Pempus dan Pemerintah Daerah [Law No. 33 of 2004 concerning Financial Balance between Pempus and Local Government].
Undang-undang No 28 Tahun 2009 tentang Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah [Law No. 28 of 2009 concerning Regional Taxes and Levies].
Undang-undang No 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang No 27 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil [Law No. 1 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 27 of 2007 concerning Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands].
Undang-undang No 23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintahan Daerah [Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government].
Undang-undang No 32 Tahun 2014 tentang Kelautan [Law No. 32 of 2014 concerning Marine Affairs].
UU No 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan [Law No. 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration].
Undang-undang No 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran [Law No. 17 of 2008 on Shipping].
Peraturan Pemerintah No 15 Tahun 2016 tentang Jenis dan Tarif Atas Jenis Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak yang Berlaku pada Kementerian Perhubungan [Government Regulation No. 15 of 2016 concerning Types and Tariffs of Non-Tax State Revenues Applicable to the Ministry of Transportation].
Peraturan Presiden No 16 Tahun 2017 tentang Kebijakan Kelautan Indonesia [Presidential Regulation No. 16 of 2017 concerning Indonesian Marine Policy].
Peraturan Daerah No 9 Tahun 2017 tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Perda No 1 Tahun 2012 Tentang Retribusi [Regional Regulation No. 9 of 2017 concerning the Second Amendment to Perda No. 1 of 2012 concerning Levies].