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Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute

Journal of Health and Medical Sciences

ISSN 2622-7258

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open access

Published: 13 January 2024

Comparison Between Valproic Acid and Levetiracetam to Cognitive Function in Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

Nur Yulikawaty Nasser, Audry Devisanty Wuysang, Abdul Muis, Isra Wahid, Muhammad Akbar, Muhammad Iqbal Basri

Hasanuddin University

journal of social and political sciences
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doi

10.31014/aior.1994.07.01.300

Pages: 14-24

Keywords: Cognitive, Valproic Acid, Levetiracetam, Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

Abstract

Epilepsy affects cognition through several mechanisms in a complex relationship. Valproic acid (VPA) and levetiracetam (LEV) are widely used due to their good efficacy and tolerability profiles. However, VPA may cause impairment of spatial working memory. There has not been much explanation regarding the negative cognitive side effects of LEV, few research suggests that LEV may even have a stimulating effect on cognition. Evidence of the comparative effects of anti-epileptic drugs on cognitive function is still limited. Objective: To investigate the effects of VPA monotherapy and LEV monotherapy on idiopathic generalized epilepsy patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study of patients with IGE taking either VPA monotherapy (n=28) or LEV (n=25). All patients underwent cognitive function assessment using MoCA-Ina, CDT, TMT A and B. Results: There was a significant association between 64.3% of patients taking VPA having MoCA-Ina score <26 vs. only 12% in patients taking LEV (OR 13.2, 95% CI 3.150-56.309, p<0.001), 35.7% of patients taking VPA vs. 0% in patients taking LEV on TMT-A score (p<0,001), and 46.4% of patients taking VPA vs. 4% in patients taking LEV on TMT-B score (OR 20.80, 95% CI 2.462-175.696, p 0,001). Neither patients with VPA monotherapy nor LEV monotherapy was statistically significant in CDT score (57.1% vs 36%, OR 0.422, 95% CI 0.139-1.277, p 0.170). Conclusion: This study showed patients with VPA have lower cognitive function than LEV. Further studies on cognitive function in epilepsy are recommended to provide information to assist in efficient drug selection decision-making for patients.

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