Economics and Business
Quarterly Reviews
ISSN 2775-9237 (Online)
Published: 23 May 2024
Impulse Buying: How Generation Z's Enjoyment of Shopping Affects Their Fashion Buys
Tety Elida, Wahyu Rahardjo, Ari Raharjo
Gunadarma University, Indonesia
Download Full-Text Pdf
10.31014/aior.1992.07.02.579
Pages: 96-107
Keywords: Consumer Behavior, Hedonic Shopping Motivation, Impulse Buying, Online Shopping, Price Discount, Shopping Enjoyment, Store Atmosphere Online
Abstract
This study examined the determinants that impact Generation Z's impulsive purchasing of fashion products. Implementing Stimulus Organism Responses (SOR), the research model is structured as Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). External stimuli include Price Discounts and Store Environment, with Shopping Enjoyment mediating between Hedonic Shopping Motivation and these two factors. In total, 444 students between the ages of 18 and 22 participated. Form questionnaires were distributed to 30 WhatsApp group classes to collect the data. Hedonic shopping motivation, price discount, and store environment contribute to an enjoyable shopping experience, stimulating impulsive purchasing. The determinant influencing impulsive purchasing is the store atmosphere. Impulse buying behavior is carried out using the stimulus organism response (SOR) theory approach. One of the stimuli used in the research model, the online store atmosphere, is still not widely studied.
References
Abdelsalam, S. et al. (2020). ‘Understanding Online Impulse Buying Behavior in Social Commerce: A Systematic Literature Review’, IEEE Access, 8, pp. 89041–89058. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2993671.
Agrawal, D.K. (2022). ‘Determining behavioural differences of Y and Z generational cohorts in online shopping’, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 50(7), pp. 880–895. doi:10.1108/IJRDM-12-2020-0527.
Ahmed, S. and Ting, D.H. (2020). ‘Shopping cues: Conceptualization, scale development, and validation’, International Journal of Market Research, 62(1), pp. 95–112. doi:10.1177/1470785319861897.
Aiolfi, S., Bellini, S. and Grandi, B. (2022). ‘Using mobile while shopping in-store: a new model of impulse-buying behaviour’, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 39(5), pp. 432–444. doi:10.1108/JCM-05-2020-3823.
Albarq, A.N. (2021). ‘Effect of Web atmospherics and satisfaction on purchase behavior: stimulus–organism–response model’, Future Business Journal, 7(1), pp. 1–8. doi:10.1186/s43093-021-00107-3.
Atulkar, S. and Kesari, B. (2018). ‘Role of consumer traits and situational factors on impulse buying: does gender matter?’, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 46(4), pp. 386–405. doi:10.1108/IJRDM-12-2016-0239.
Azhar, M. et al. (2023). ‘Measuring buying intention of generation Z on social networking sites: an application of social commerce adoption model’, Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences [Preprint]. doi:10.1108/jeas-02-2022-0047.
Badgaiyan, A.J. and Verma, A. (2014). ‘Intrinsic factors affecting impulsive buying behaviour-evidence from india’, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(4), pp. 537–549. doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.04.003.
Barnes, S.J. and Vidgen, R.T. (2006). ‘Data triangulation and web quality metrics: A case study in e-government’, Information and Management, 43(6), pp. 767–777. doi:10.1016/j.im.2006.06.001.
Van den Bergh, J., De Pelsmacker, P. and Worsley, B. (2023). ‘Beyond labels: segmenting the Gen Z market for more effective marketing’, Young Consumers [Preprint], (September). doi:10.1108/YC-03-2023-1707.
Bhatia, V. (2019). ‘Impact of fashion interest, materialism and internet addiction on e-compulsive buying behaviour of apparel’, Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 10(1), pp. 66–80. doi:10.1080/20932685.2018.1544502.
Büyükdağ, N., Soysal, A.N. and Ki̇tapci, O. (2020). ‘The effect of specific discount pattern in terms of price promotions on perceived price attractiveness and purchase intention: An experimental research’, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 55(March). doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102112.
Calvo-Porral, C. and Lévy-Mangin, J.P. (2021). ‘Examining the influence of store environment in hedonic and utilitarian shopping’, Administrative Sciences, 11(1). doi:10.3390/admsci11010006.
Çavuşoğlu, S., Demirağ, B. and Durmaz, Y. (2020). ‘Investigation of the effect of hedonic shopping value on discounted product purchasing’, Review of International Business and Strategy, 31(3), pp. 317–338. doi:10.1108/RIBS-04-2020-0034.
Chan, T.K.H., Cheung, C.M.K. and Lee, Z.W.Y. (2017). ‘The state of online impulse-buying research: A literature analysis’, Information and Management, 54(2), pp. 204–217. doi:10.1016/j.im.2016.06.001.
Chang, Y.W. et al. (2023). ‘Utilitarian and/or hedonic shopping – consumer motivation to purchase in smart stores’, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 123(3), pp. 821–842. doi:10.1108/IMDS-04-2022-0250.
Chen, Y. et al. (2019). ‘How do product recommendations affect impulse buying? An empirical study on WeChat social commerce’, Information and Management, 56(2), pp. 236–248. doi:10.1016/j.im.2018.09.002.
Djafarova, E. and Bowes, T. (2021). ‘“Instagram made Me buy it”: Generation Z impulse purchases in fashion industry’, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 59(xxxx), p. 102345. doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102345.
Djafarova, E. and Foots, S. (2022). ‘Exploring ethical consumption of generation Z: theory of planned behaviour’, Young Consumers, 23(3), pp. 413–431. doi:10.1108/YC-10-2021-1405.
Flavian, C., Guinaliu, M. and Lu, Y. (2020). ‘Mobile payments adoption – introducing mindfulness to better understand consumer behavior’, International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(7), pp. 1575–1599. doi:10.1108/IJBM-01-2020-0039.
Floh, A. and Madlberger, M. (2013). ‘The role of atmospheric cues in online impulse-buying behavior’, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 12(6), pp. 425–439. doi:10.1016/j.elerap.2013.06.001.
Flurry, L.A. and Swimberghe, K. (2016). ‘Consumer ethics of adolescents’, Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 24(1), pp. 91–108. doi:10.1080/10696679.2016.1089766.
Garbarino, E. and Strahilevitz, M. (2004). ‘Gender differences in the perceived risk of buying online and the effects of receiving a site recommendation’, Journal of Business Research, 57(7), pp. 768–775. doi:10.1016/S0148-2963(02)00363-6.
Geng, R. et al. (2020). ‘Content marketing in e-commerce platforms in the internet celebrity economy’, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 120(3), pp. 464–485. doi:10.1108/IMDS-05-2019-0270.
Gupta, S. and Gentry, J.W. (2018). ‘Evaluating fast fashion: Examining its micro and the macro perspective’, Eco-Friendly and Fair: Fast Fashion and Consumer Behaviour, (May 2018), pp. 15–24. doi:10.4324/9781351058353-2.
Hair, J. et al. (2017). ‘An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research’, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 117(3), pp. 442–458. doi:10.1108/IMDS-04-2016-0130.
Hair, J.F. et al. (2019). ‘When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM’, European Business Review, 31(1), pp. 2–24. doi:10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203.
Hashmi, H.B.A., Shu, C. and Haider, S.W. (2020). ‘Moderating effect of hedonism on store environment-impulse buying nexus’, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 48(5), pp. 465–483. doi:10.1108/IJRDM-09-2019-0312.
Horváth, C. and Adıgüzel, F. (2018a). ‘Shopping enjoyment to the extreme: Hedonic shopping motivations and compulsive buying in developed and emerging markets’, Journal of Business Research, 86(July), pp. 300–310. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.07.013.
Horváth, C. and Adıgüzel, F. (2018b). ‘Shopping enjoyment to the extreme: Hedonic shopping motivations and compulsive buying in developed and emerging markets’, Journal of Business Research, 86(July 2017), pp. 300–310. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.07.013.
Huo, C. et al. (2023). ‘Exploring Factors Affecting Consumer’s Impulse Buying Behavior in Live-Streaming Shopping: An Interactive Research Based Upon SOR Model’, SAGE Open, 13(2), pp. 1–15. doi:10.1177/21582440231172678.
Ismail, A.R. et al. (2020). ‘Brand engagement in self-concept (BESC), value consciousness and brand loyalty: a study of generation Z consumers in Malaysia’, Young Consumers, 22(1), pp. 112–130. doi:10.1108/YC-07-2019-1017.
Iyer, G.R. et al. (2019). ‘Impulse buying: a meta-analytic review’, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science [Preprint]. doi:10.1007/s11747-019-00670-w.
Johnson, K. and Im, H. (2014). ‘Fashion and social responsibility’, Fashion, Style & Popular Culture, 1(2), pp. 155–159. doi:10.1386/fspc.1.2.155_2.
Kim, J., Fiore, A.M. and Lee, H.H. (2007). ‘Influences of online store perception, shopping enjoyment, and shopping involvement on consumer patronage behavior towards an online retailer’, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 14(2), pp. 95–107. doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2006.05.001.
Kim, J.H. et al. (2021). ‘How interactivity and vividness influence consumer virtual reality shopping experience: the mediating role of telepresence’, Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing, 15(3), pp. 502–525. doi:10.1108/JRIM-07-2020-0148.
Kumagai, K. and Nagasawa, S. (2022). ‘Hedonic shopping experience, subjective well-being and brand luxury: a comparative discussion of physical stores and e-retailers’, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 34(9), pp. 1809–1826. doi:10.1108/APJML-04-2021-0256.
Kwok, S. and Uncles, M. (2005). ‘Sales promotion effectiveness: The impact of consumer differences at an ethnic-group level’, Journal of Product and Brand Management, 14(3), pp. 170–186. doi:10.1108/10610420510601049.
Lee, C.H. and Chen, C.W. (2021). ‘Impulse buying behaviors in live streaming commerce based on the stimulus-organism-response framework’, Information (Switzerland), 12(6), pp. 1–17. doi:10.3390/info12060241.
Lee, C.H. and Wu, J.J. (2017). ‘Consumer online flow experience The relationship between utilitarian and hedonic value, satisfaction and unplanned purchase’, Industrial Management and Data Systems, 117(10), pp. 2452–2467. doi:10.1108/IMDS-11-2016-0500.
Lee, J.E. and Chen-Yu, J.H. (2018). ‘Effects of price discount on consumers’ perceptions of savings, quality, and value for apparel products: mediating effect of price discount affect’, Fashion and Textiles, 5(1). doi:10.1186/s40691-018-0128-2.
Lestari, D. (2019). ‘Measuring e-commerce adoption behaviour among gen-Z in Jakarta, Indonesia’, Economic Analysis and Policy, 64, pp. 103–115. doi:10.1016/j.eap.2019.08.004.
Li, M., Wang, Q. and Cao, Y. (2022). ‘Understanding Consumer Online Impulse Buying in Live Streaming E-Commerce: A Stimulus-Organism-Response Framework’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(7). doi:10.3390/ijerph19074378.
Lin, S.C. et al. (2022). ‘Exploring factors influencing impulse buying in live streaming shopping: a stimulus-organism-response (SOR) perspective’, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 35(6), pp. 1383–1403. doi:10.1108/APJML-12-2021-0903.
Lin, X. et al. (2019). ‘Exploring Gender Differences in Online Consumer Purchase Decision Making: An Online Product Presentation Perspective’, Information Systems Frontiers, 21(5), pp. 1187–1201. doi:10.1007/s10796-018-9831-1.
De Luca, R. and Botelho, D. (2021). ‘The unconscious perception of smells as a driver of consumer responses: a framework integrating the emotion-cognition approach to scent marketing’, AMS Review, 11(1–2), pp. 145–161. doi:10.1007/s13162-019-00154-8.
Mason, M.C. et al. (2022). ‘Glued to your phone? Generation Z’s smartphone addiction and online compulsive buying’, Computers in Human Behavior, 136 (July), p. 107404. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107404.
Mayhoub, M.S. and Rabboh, E.H. (2022). ‘Daylighting in shopping malls: Customer’s perception, preference, and satisfaction’, Energy and Buildings, 255, p. 111691. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111691.
Mohan, G., Sivakumaran, B. and Sharma, P. (2013). ‘Impact of store environment on impulse buying behavior’, European Journal of Marketing, 47(10), pp. 1711–1732. doi:10.1108/EJM-03-2011-0110.
Muhammad, A.S., Adeshola, I. and Isiaku, L. (2023). ‘A mixed study on the “wow” of impulse purchase on Instagram: insights from Gen-Z in a collectivistic environment’, Young Consumers [Preprint]. doi:10.1108/YC-04-2023-1728.
Munsch, A. (2021). ‘Millennial and generation Z digital marketing communication and advertising effectiveness: A qualitative exploration’, Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science: Bridging Asia and the World, 31(1), pp. 10–29. doi:10.1080/21639159.2020.1808812.
Nghia, H.T., Olsen, S.O. and Trang, N.T.M. (2020). ‘Shopping value, trust, and online shopping well-being: a duality approach’, Marketing Intelligence and Planning, 38(5), pp. 545–558. doi:10.1108/MIP-08-2019-0411.
Ong, A.K.S. et al. (2022). ‘Evaluating the influence of service quality, hedonic, and utilitarian value on shopper’s behavioral intentions in urban shopping malls during the COVID-19 pandemic’, Heliyon, 8(12), p. e12542. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12542.
Park, H.J. and Lin, L.M. (2020). ‘The effects of match-ups on the consumer attitudes toward internet celebrities and their live streaming contents in the context of product endorsement’, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52(November 2018), p. 101934. doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101934.
Pascual-Miguel, F.J., Agudo-Peregrina, Á.F. and Chaparro-Peláez, J. (2015). ‘Influences of gender and product type on online purchasing’, Journal of Business Research, 68(7), pp. 1550–1556. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.050.
Peng, C. and Kim, Y.G. (2014). ‘Application of the Stimuli-Organism-Response (S-O-R) Framework to Online Shopping Behavior’, Journal of Internet Commerce, 13(November), pp. 159–176. doi:10.1080/15332861.2014.944437.
Pradeep, S. and Pradeep, M. (2023). ‘Awareness of sustainability, climate emergency, and generation Z’s consumer behaviour in UAE’, Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 11(September), p. 100137. doi:10.1016/j.clrc.2023.100137.
Razzaq, A. et al. (2018). ‘The Impact of Fashion Involvement and Pro-Environmental Attitude on Sustainable Clothing Consumption: The Moderating Role of Islamic Religiosity’, SAGE Open, 8(2). doi:10.1177/2158244018774611.
Redine, A. et al. (2023). ‘Impulse buying: A systematic literature review and future research directions’, International Journal of Consumer Studies, 47(1), pp. 3–41. doi:10.1111/ijcs.12862.
Richard, M.O. and Chebat, J.C. (2016). ‘Modeling online consumer behavior: Preeminence of emotions and moderating influences of need for cognition and optimal stimulation level’, Journal of Business Research, 69(2), pp. 541–553. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.05.010.
Russell, J.A. and Mehrabian, A. (1974). ‘Distinguishing anger and anxiety in terms of emotional response factors’, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42(1), pp. 79–83. doi:10.1037/h0035915.
Sharma, S. and Bumb, A. (2022). ‘Femluencing: Integration of Femvertising and Influencer Marketing on Social Media’, Journal of Interactive Advertising, 22(1), pp. 95–111. doi:10.1080/15252019.2022.2032493.
Sheehan, D. et al. (2019). ‘Consumer reactions to price discounts across online shopping experiences’, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 51(May), pp. 129–138. doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.06.001.
Shen, K.N. and Khalifa, M. (2012). ‘System design effects on online impulse buying’, Internet Research, 22(4), pp. 396–425. doi:10.1108/10662241211250962.
Shetu, S.N. (2023). ‘User-generated content and micro-celebrity posts encourage Generation Z consumers to search social media for online purchase: A study on Dhaka City, Bangladesh’, Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, (August), p. 12300. doi:10.1002/isd2.12300.
Shoenberger, H. and Kim, E. (Anna) (2019). ‘Product placement as leveraged marketing communications: the role of wishful identification, brand trust, and brand buying behaviours’, International Journal of Advertising, 38(1), pp. 50–66. doi:10.1080/02650487.2017.1391678.
Siregar, Y. et al. (2023). ‘Disrupting the fashion retail journey: social media and GenZ’s fashion consumption’, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 51(7), pp. 862–875. doi:10.1108/IJRDM-01-2022-0002.
Slater, S. and Demangeot, C. (2021). ‘Marketer acculturation to diversity needs: The case of modest fashion across two multicultural contexts’, Journal of Business Research, 134(June), pp. 702–715. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.05.059.
Sramova, B. and Pavelka, J. (2019). ‘Gender differences and wellbeing values in adolescent online shopping’, International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 47(6), pp. 623–642. doi:10.1108/IJRDM-08-2017-0173.
Sun, J., Li, T. and Sun, S. (2023). ‘Factors affecting users’ impulse purchases in online group buying: online consumer reviews, countdowns and self-control’, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics [Preprint]. doi:10.1108/APJML-07-2022-0560.
Suzianti, A., Amaradhanny, R.D. and Fathia, S.N. (2023). ‘Fashion heritage future: Factors influencing Indonesian millenials and generation Z’s interest in using traditional fabrics’, Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(4), p. 100141. doi:10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100141.
Thangavel, P., Pathak, P. and Chandra, B. (2022). ‘Consumer Decision-making Style of Gen Z: A Generational Cohort Analysis’, Global Business Review, 23(3), pp. 710–728. doi:10.1177/0972150919880128.
Venkatesh, V. et al. (2021). ‘Being at the cutting edge of online shopping: Role of recommendations and discounts on privacy perceptions’, Computers in Human Behavior, 121(March), p. 106785. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.106785.
Vieira, V., Santini, F.O. and Araujo, C.F. (2018). ‘A meta-analytic review of hedonic and utilitarian shopping values’, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 35(4), pp. 426–437. doi:10.1108/JCM-08-2016-1914.
Wells, J.D., Parboteeah, D.V. and Valacich, J.S. (2011). ‘Online impulse buying: Understanding the interplay between consumer impulsiveness and website quality’, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 12(1), pp. 32–56. doi:10.17705/1jais.00254.
Xiao, Q. et al. (2022). ‘Impacts of platform design on consumer commitment and online review intention: does use context matter in dual-platform e-commerce?’, Internet Research, 32(5), pp. 1496–1531. doi:10.1108/INTR-03-2021-0152.
Yi, Y. (2022). ‘The Perception on Online Shopping Risks of Different Genders’, Proceedings of the 2022 2nd International Conference on Enterprise Management and Economic Development (ICEMED 2022), 656(Icemed), pp. 1004–1014. doi:10.2991/aebmr.k.220603.164.
Zafar, A.U. et al. (2021). ‘Impulse buying in social commerce: bundle offer, top reviews, and emotional intelligence’, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33(4), pp. 945–973. doi:10.1108/APJML-08-2019-0495.
Zafar, A.U. et al. (2023). ‘Forecasting impulsive consumers driven by macro-influencers posts: Intervention of followers’ flow state and perceived informativeness’, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 190, pp. 31–41.
Zhang, L. et al. (2021). ‘Gamification and online impulse buying: The moderating effect of gender and age’, International Journal of Information Management, 61(October), p. 102267. doi:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102267.
Zhao, Y. et al. (2022). ‘A Meta-Analysis of Online Impulsive Buying and the Moderating Effect of Economic Development Level’, Information Systems Frontiers, 24(5), pp. 1667–1688. doi:10.1007/s10796-021-10170-4.
Zhou, J., Xu, X. and Shen, B. (2018). ‘Selling luxury fashion to conspicuous consumers in the presence of discount sensitivity behavior’, International Transactions in Operational Research, 25(6), pp. 1763–1784. doi:10.1111/itor.12543.