Education Quarterly Reviews
ISSN 2621-5799
Published: 28 May 2022
Socio-Cultural Adaptation of International Students in Vietnam
Minh Ngoc Do, Thi Thuy Linh Ngo, Thu Huong Phan
Hanoi University, Vietnam
Download Full-Text Pdf
10.31014/aior.1993.05.02.500
Pages: 397-406
Keywords: Higher Education, Internationalization, Socio-Cultural Adaptation, University Renovation
Abstract
The paper is the first to examine international students in Vietnam despite the country's long-existing effort at internationalization. The empirical study is conducted at a large public university in the capital of Vietnam, a popular destination for foreign students. The study explores socio-cultural adaptation of foreign students and finds that lack of support system severely affects their adaptation, especially in academic adaptation. The paper aims to draw attention to the renovation of university system in order to better serve the needs of a diverse student body.
References
Antonakopoulou, E. (2013). “Sociocultural Adaptation of U.S. Education Abroad Students in Greece: The Effects of Program Duration and Intervention. Dissertation”. Available at: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1062069.pdf
Berry, J. W. (2002). Cross-cultural psychology: Research and applications. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Berry, J. W. (2005). “Acculturation: Living successfully in two cultures.” International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 29, pp. 697–712. doi: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2005.07.013
Berry, J. W., & Sam, D. L. (1997). “Acculturation and adaptation”. In J. W. Berry, M. H. Segall, & C. Kagitcibasi (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology: Social behavior and applications. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon, pp. 291–326
BeBe, K. (2012). “Foreign affairs of China in higher education and issues of international students in China”, Journal of Studies in Education, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 114–130.
Bierwiaczonek, K., & Waldzus, S. (2016). “Socio-Cultural Factors as Antecedents of Cross-Cultural Adaptation in Expatriates, International Students, and Migrants”. Journal of Cross-cultural Psychology, Vol. 47No.6, pp. 767-817.
Church, A. T. (1982). “Sojourner adjustment”. Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 91, pp. 540-572. http://doi.org.ez.library.latrobe.edu.au/ ffhnj4
Chi Hong Nguyen. (2013). “Vietnamese international student mobility: Past and current trends”. Asian Education and Development Studies,Vol. 2 No. 2, pp. 127-148.
Coles, R., & Swami, V. (2012). “The sociocultural adjustment trajectory of international university students and the role of university structures: A qualitative investigation”. Journal of Research in International Education, Vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 87-100.
Hippler, T.; Caligiuri, P.M.; Johnson, J.E.; Baytalskaya, N. (2014). “The development and validation of a theory-based expatriate adjustment scale”. International Journal of Human Resource Management. Vol. 25, pp. 1938–1959.
Hwang, K., Wang, M., & Sodanine, S. (2011). “THE EFFECTS OF STRESSORS, LIVING SUPPORT, AND ADJUSTMENT ON LEARNING PERFORMANCE OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN TAIWAN”. Social Behavior and Personality, Vol. 39 No. 3, pp. 333-344.
Gladkova A.A. (2017). “Psychological and socio-cultural adaptation of international journalism students in Russia: The role of communication skills in the adaptation process”. Psychology in Russia: State of Art, Vol. 10 No. 4, pp. 45-59.
Girmay, F. (2017). “African Immigrant and International Students: A Qualitative Study on the Socio-Cultural Adjustment of Students Into U.S. Universities”. Dissertation.
Güzel, H., & Glazer, S. (2019). “Demographic Correlates of Acculturation and Sociocultural Adaptation”. Journal of International Students, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp. 1074-1094.
Huong, L., Koo, F., Arambewela, R., & Zutshi, A. (2017). “Voices of dissent: Unpacking Vietnamese international student experience”. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 31 No. 3, pp. 280-292.
Kuo, B.C.H., & Roysircar, G. (2004). “Predictors of acculturation for Chinese adolescents in Canada: Age of arrival, length of stay, social class, and English reading ability”. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, Vol. 32, pp. 143–154. Doi: https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/j.2161-1912.2004.tb00367.x
Lee, S. A., Park, H. S., & Kim, W. (2009). ”Gender differences in international students' adjustment”. College Student Journal, Vol. 43 No. 4, pp. 1217-1227.
Lee, J., & Ciftci, A. (2014). “Asian international students' socio-cultural adaptation: Influence of multicultural personality, assertiveness, academic self-efficacy, and social support”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 38, p.97.
Mahmood, H., & Burke, M. (2018). “Analysis of Acculturative Stress and Sociocultural Adaptation Among International Students at a Non-Metropolitan University”. Journal of International Students, Vol. 8 No. 1, pp. 284-307.
Nguyen, D. P., Vickers, M., Ly, T. M. C., & Tran, M. D. (2016). “Internationalizing higher education (HE) in Vietnam: Insights from higher education leaders–an exploratory study”. Education+ Training, Vol. 58 No. 2, pp. 193-208.
OECD. (2021). “Education at a Glance 2021: OECD Indicators”, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/b35a14e5-en.
Oreilly, A., Ryan, D., & Hickey, T. (2010). “The Psychological Well-Being and Sociocultural Adaptation of Short-Term International Students in Ireland”. Journal of College Student Development. Vol. 51, pp. 584-598. Doi: 10.1353/csd.2010.0011.
Pavlushkina, T., Schepkina, N., Dvoryankina, E., Kazinets, V., Ledovskikh, I., Tabachuk, N., Ashrafullina, G. (2016). “Pedagogical Support of Foreign Students Social Adaptation in Russian University”. International Review of Management and Marketing, Vol. 6No. 2S, pp. 69-75.
Pham, H. (2011). “Vietnam: Struggling to attract international students”. University World News. Available at: http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=2011121617161637 [Accessed 12 Sep. 2018].
Rhein, D. (2014). “Sociocultural Adaptation Among International Students in Thailand”. 3-5 February 2014- Istanbul, Turkey Proceedings of INTCESS14- International Conference on Education and Social Sciences Proceedings. Available at: http://www.ocerints.org/intcess14_epublication/papers/586.pdf
Templeman, K., Robinson, A., & McKenna, L. (2016). “Learning and adaptation with regard to complementary medicine in a foreign context: Intercultural experiences of medical students from different cultural backgrounds”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations: IJIR, Vol. 55, pp. 55-65.
Trần L.T., Marginson S., Nguyễn N.T. (2014) Internationalization. In: Higher Education in Vietnam. Palgrave Studies in Global Higher Education. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Tsegay, S., Zegergish, M., & Ashraf, M. (2018). “Socio-cultural Adjustment Experiences of International Students in Chinese Higher Education Institutions”. Millennial Asia, Vol. 9 No. 2, pp. 183-202.
Wang, Q., & Hannes, K. (2014). “Academic and socio-cultural adjustment among Asian international students in the Flemish community of Belgium: A photovoice project”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 66-81.
Ward, C., & Kennedy, A. (1992). “Locus of control, mood disturbance, and social difficulty during cross-cultural transitions”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 16, pp. 175–194. doi: 10.1016/0147-1767(92)90017-O
Ward, C., & Kennedy, A. (1994). “Acculturation strategies, psychological adjustment, and sociocultural competence during cross-cultural transitions”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 18, pp. 329-343. http://doi.org.ez.library.latrobe.edu.au/d2c9j3
Ward, C., & Searle, W. (1991). “The impact of value discrepancies and cultural identity on psychological and sociocultural adjustment of sojourners”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 15, pp. 209-225. Doi: 10.1016/0147-1767(91)90030-K
Ward, C., & Rana-Deuba, A. (1999). “Acculturation and adaptation revisited”. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 30, pp. 422–442. doi: 10.1177/ 0022022199030004003
Wilson, G.P. (2011). “Fitting in: Sociocultural adaptation of international graduate
Students”. NERA Conference Proceedings 2011, 21. Retrieved from: http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/nera_2011/21
Wilson, J.; Ward, C.; Fischer, R. (2013) “Beyond culture learning theory: What can personality tell us about cultural competence?” Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Vol. 44, pp. 900–927.
Wilson, J.; Ward, C.; Fetvadjiev, V.H.; Bethel, A. (2017). “Measuring cultural competencies: The development and validation of a revised measure of sociocultural adaptation”. Journal of Cross- Cultural Psychology. Vol. 48, pp. 1475–1506
Wearring, A., Le, H., Wilson, R., & Arambewela, R. (2015). “The International Student's Experience: An Exploratory Study of Students from Vietnam”. International Education Journal: Comparative Perspectives, Vol. 14 No. 1, pp. 71-89.
Wilton, L., & Constantine, M.G. (2003). “Length of residence, cultural adjustment difficulties, and psychological distress symptoms in Asian and Latin American international college students”. Journal of College Counseling, Vol. 6, pp. 177–186. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2003.tb00238.x
Wu, E.K. & Mak, W.W. (2012). “Acculturation process and distress: Mediating roles of sociocultural adaptation and acculturative stress”. Journal of Counselling Psychology. Vol. 40, pp. 66–92.
Xiong, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2018). “Understanding East Asian Graduate Students' Socio-cultural and Psychological Adjustment in a U.S. Midwestern University”. Journal of International Students, Vol. 8 No. 2, pp. 769-794.
Yeh, C. J., & Inose, M. (2003). “International students' reported English fluency, social support satisfaction, and social connectedness as predictors of acculturative stress”. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 16, pp. 15-28. http://doi.org.ez.library.latrobe.edu.au/bq4fmf
Ying, Y.-W., & Han, M. (2006). “The contribution of personality, acculturative stressors, and social affiliation to adjustment: A longitudinal study of Taiwanese students in the United States”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 30, pp. 623-635. http://doi.org.ez.library.latrobe.edu.au/c8nmx3
Yu, B., & Shen, H. (2012). “Predicting roles of linguistic confidence, integrative motivation and second language proficiency on cross-cultural adaptation”. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 36 No. 1, pp. 72-82.
Zhao, L. (2010). “Socio-cultural adjustment of international students as expatriates in America”. Masters’ Theses & Specialist Projects, Paper 228, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY