top of page
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute
Asian Institute of Research, Journal Publication, Journal Academics, Education Journal, Asian Institute

Education Quarterly Reviews

ISSN 2621-5799

asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
crossref
doi
open access

Published: 15 December 2022

Depression and Burnout Levels of Graduate Students in Music

Hamza Üstün

Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi, Turkey

asia institute of research, journal of education, education journal, education quarterly reviews, education publication, education call for papers
pdf download

Download Full-Text Pdf

doi

10.31014/aior.1993.05.04.636

Pages: 464-478

Keywords: Music, Graduate, Depression, Burnout, Students

Abstract

At the end of the undergraduate process, many students dream of graduate school for self-improvement, career, or status. The idea of going to graduate school and the preparations for it are the beginning of a stressful period. The beginning of the courses, the long thesis writing process, and finally, a new scientific product defended is the end of this stressful period. In this process, many students struggle with psychological problems due to poor stress management. The study aims to determine graduate music students' depression and burnout levels. The data collection tools of the correlational survey design study were Beck Depression Scale (BDS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Scale (MBI-SS). The study group consisted of 236 graduate students in different departments and institutes in the field of music. According to the research results, it was determined that the general depression status of the students was at the level of moderate mood disturbance, and some groups were found to be at the level of clinical depression according to different variables. It was observed that the student's overall burnout levels were at a medium level, while they were at a low level in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization sub-dimensions. While the burnout levels of the students show a significant difference according to having children, educational status, work status, institutes, and departments, there is no significant difference according to gender, marital status, and age.

References

  1. Akbağ, M., Sayıner, B. & Sözen, D. (2005). Üniversite öğrencilerinde stres düzeyi, denetim odaği ve depresyon düzeyi arasindaki ilişki üzerine bir inceleme [Stress level of university students, supervision on the relationship between focus and level of depression a review], Marmara University Atatürk Education Faculty Journal of Educational Sciences, 21 (21). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1921

  2. Akça, S. Ö., Selen, F., Demir, E. & Demir, T. (2017). Cinsiyet ve yaş farklılıklarının ergenlerin depresyon, anksiyete bozukluğu, kendine zarar verme, psikoz, travma sonrası stres bozukluğu, alkol-uyuşturucu bağımlılığı ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu ile ilişkili sorunlara etkisi [Effect of gender and age differences on depression of adolescents, anxiety disorder, self-injury, psychosis, post-traumatic stress disorder, alcohol-drug addiction and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder], Dicle Medical Journal, 45 (3), https://doi.org/10.5798/dicletip.457235

  3. Akbulut, İ. H., Şahin, Ç. & Çepni, S. (2013). Doktora tez sürecinde karşılaşılan problemlerin belirlenmesi: eğitim fakültesi örneği [Determination of faced problems in doctorate thesis process: education faculty sample], Journal of Dicle University Ziya Gökalp Faculty of Education, 20. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/786933

  4. Alhas, A. (2006). Lisansüstü eğitim yapmakta olan milli eğitim bakanlığı öğretmenlerinin lisansüstü eğitime bakış açıları [Perspectives of the teachers of the Ministry of National Education who are doing postgraduate education on postgraduate education], [Unpublished Master thesis]. Gazi University.

  5. Alim, E. (2018). Ergenlerde mükemmeliyetçilik, öznel iyi oluş ve depresyon arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi [Examining the relationships between perfectionism, subjective well-being and depression in adolescents], [Unpublished Master thesis], Fatih Sultan Mehmet University.

  6. Appel, M. L. & Dahlgren, L. G. (2003). Swedish Doctoral Students' Experiences on their Journey towards a PhD: Obstacles and opportunities inside and outside the academic building. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 47. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313830308608

  7. Arastaman, G., Uslu, O., Arslan, S. S. ve Gülsoy Kerimoğlu, P. N. (2020). Eğitim yönetimi alanında doktora öğrencisi olmak: Lisansüstü öğrencilerin bakış açısından fenomenolojik bir inceleme. [On being a phd student in educational administration: a phenomenological inquiry into the perspective of the graduate students] Journal of Qualitative Research in Education, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.14689/issn.2148-2624.8c.4s.11m

  8. Arpacıoğlu, S., Baltalı, Z. & Ünübol, B. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisinde sağlık çalışanlarında tükenmişlik, Covid korkusu, depresyon, mesleki doyum düzeyleri ve ilişkili faktörler [Burnout, fear of Covid, depression, occupational satisfaction levels and related factors in healthcare professionals in the COVID-19 pandemic], Cukurova Medical Journal, 46 (1). https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.785609

  9. Arslan, H., Mergen, H., Mergen, B. E., Arslan, E. & Ayyıldız, Ü. (2016). Eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin depresyon, anksiyete ve benlik saygisi puanlarinin farkli değişkenler açisindan değerlendirilmesi [Assessment of depression, anxiety and self-esteem scores of the students of the faculty of education regarding with different variables], Medical Sciences, 11 (1). http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/NWSA.2016.11.1.1A035

  10. As, M. (2015). Bir öğrenci yurdunda kalan üniversite öğrencilerindeki internet bağımlılığı ile Beck depresyon ölçeği arasındaki ilişki [Internet Addiction and Beck Depression Inventory in the University Students at a Student Hostel], Konuralp Medical Journal, 7 (6). https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.54108

  11. Aslan, I. (2018). Bilinçli farkındalık, depresyon düzeyleri ve algılanan stres arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between mindfulness, depression levels and perceived stress], Individual and Society Journal of Social Sciences, 8 (2). https://doi.org/10.20493/birtop.477445

  12. Avşar, F. (2007). Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ve Beck depresyon envanteri üzerine bir uygulama [An application on confirmatory factor analysis and Beck depression inventory], [Unpublished Master thesis]. University of Yıldız Technich.

  13. Ayas, T. (2014). Depresyon, anksiyete ve cinsiyet değişkenlerine göre sanal zorbalığa maruz kalma düzeylerinin yordanması [Prediction Cyber Bullying with Respect to Depression, Anxiety and Gender Variables], Online Journal Of Technology Addiction & Cyberbullying, 1. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/290298

  14. Balcı, Ş. & Baloğlu, E. (2018). Sosyal medya bağımlılığı ile depresyon arasındaki ilişki: “üniversite gençliği üzerine bir saha araştırması” [The relationship between social media addiction and depression: “a survey among university youth”], Contact Journal, 29. https://doi.org/10.16878/gsuilet.500860

  15. Bahçeçi, F. & Uşengül, L. (2018). Yüksek lisans ve doktora öğrencilerinin tez konusu belirleme kriterlerinin incelenmesi [Examination of thesis subject determination criteria of postgraduate and doctorate students], Turkish Journal of Educational Studies, 5 (2). https://doi.org/10.33907/turkjes.422202

  16. Baydağ, C. & Başoğlu, B. M. (2018) Müzik eğitimi persfektifinde performans kaygısına genel bir bakış [An overwiew of performance anxiety in music education perspective], Journal of Social and Humanities Sciences Research, 5 (25). http://www.jshsr.org/Makaleler/1892721884_28_2018_5-25.ID600.%20BAYDAG%20_2204-2212.pdf

  17. Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Meldelson, M., Mock, J. & Erbaugh, J. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4 (6). http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004

  18. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2022). Scientific research methods. Pegem Academy Press.

  19. Bozan, M. (2012). Lisansüstü eğitimde nitelik arayışları [Qualification searches in graduate education], Journal Of Social And Humanities, 4 (2). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/117320

  20. Bozkurt, N. (2004). bir grup üniversite öğrencisinin depresyon ve kaygı düzeyleri ile çeşitli değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler [The relationship betvveen the levels of depression and anxiety in a group of university students and various variables], Education and Science, 29 (133). http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/5095/1179

  21. Castello, M., Pardo, M., Sala-Bubare, A. & Sune-Soler, N. (2017). Why do students consider dropping out of doctoral degrees? Institutional and personal factors, Higher Education, 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-016-0106-9

  22. Cihan, Y. B. (2011). Onkoloji bölümünde çalışan sağlık personelinde tükenmişlik ve deperesyon düzeylerinin sosyodemografik özelliklerle ilişkisi [Health personnel working in the oncology department burnout and depression levels relationship with sociodemographic characteristics], New Medical Journal, 28 (1). https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/yayin/detay/120758/onkoloji-bolumunde-calisan-saglik-personelinde-tukenmislik-ve-depresyon-duzeylerinin-sosyodemografik-ozelliklerle-iliskisi

  23. Clark, D. B., & Agras, W. S. (1991). The assessment and treatment of performance anxiety in musicians. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 148(5). https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1176/ajp.148.5.598

  24. Çapri, B., Gündüz, B. & Gökçakan, Z. (2011). Maslach tükenmişlik envanteri-öğrenci formunun Türkçe’ye uyarlanması: geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [Adaptation of Maslach burnout inventory-student form into Turkish: validity and reliability study], Journal of Çukurova University Faculty of Education, 1 (40). https://www.acarindex.com/dosyalar/makale/acarindex-1423874835.pdf

  25. Çapulcuoğlu, U. & Gündüz, B. (2013). Lise öğrencilerinde tükenmişliğin cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi, okul türü ve algılanan akademik başarı değişkenlerine göre incelenmesi [Investigation of burnout of high school students according to gender, grade level, school type and perceived academic achievement level], Trakya University Journal of Education, 3 (1). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/200353

  26. Çelikel, Ç. F. & Erkorkmaz, Ü. (2008). Üniversite öğrencilerinde depresif belirtiler ve umutsuzluk düzeyleri ile ilişkili etmenler [Factors related to depressive symptoms and hopelessness among university students], Archives of Neuropsychiatry, https://eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=62252399-8ada-4647-9830-59 e56 d9b3251%40redis

  27. Çolakoğlu, İ. & Çapan, S. A. (2015). Ortaokullarda görev yapan müzik öğretmenlerinin mesleki tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi [Examining the professional burnout levels of music teachers working in secondary schools], Journal of Istanbul Aydın University Faculty of Education, 1 (1). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/iauefd/issue/46952/589168

  28. Deniz, E. M. & Sümer, S. A. (2010). Farklı özanlayış düzeylerine sahip üniversite öğrencilerinde depresyon, anksiyete ve stresin değerlendirilmesi [The evaluation of depression, anxiety and stress in university students with different self-compassion levels], Education and Science, 35 (158). http://egitimvebilim.ted.org.tr/index.php/EB/article/view/350/225

  29. Demirtaş, E. & Özçelik, S. (2020). A study on developing attitude scale towards music software. Turkish Studies Educational Sciences, 15 (3). https://dx.doi.org/10.29228/TurkishStudies.41731

  30. Dikmen, M. (2021). Covid-19 pandemisinde üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon düzeyleri ile sosyal medya bağımlılıkları arasındaki ilişki: bir yapısal eşitlik modeli [Relationship between university students' depression levels and social media addiction in the covid-19 outbreak: a structural equation model], Journal Of Dependence , 22 (1). https://doi.org/10.51982/bagimli.790750

  31. Doğan, T. (2006). Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal zeka düzeylerinin depresyon ve bazı değişkenlerle ilişkisinin incelenmesi [Examining the relationship between university students' social intelligence levels and depression and some variables], [Unpublished Master thesis]. Sakarya University.

  32. Dolunay, A. B. (2002). Keçiören ilçesi “genel liseler ve teknik-ticaret-meslek liselerinde görevli öğretmenlerde tükenmişlik durumu” araştırması [Keçiören district "burnout status of teachers working in general high schools and technical-trade-vocational high schools" research], Ankara University Faculty of Medicine Journal, 55 (1). https://cms.ankaratipfakultesimecmuasi.net/Uploads/Article_18890/AUTFM-55-51.pdf

  33. Freudenberger, H. J. (1974). Staff burn-out, Journal of Social Issues,30 (1). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x

  34. Genç, E., Pirinççi, E., Özbey, S., Özdemir, S., Demir, A., Deveci, S., Ozan, A. T. & Oğuzöncül, A. (2022). Bir devlet hastanesinde görev yapan hemşirelerin depresyon durumlarının değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the Depression Status of Nurses Working in a State Hospital], Medical Journal of Mugla Sitki Kocman University, 9 (2), https://doi.org/10.47572/muskutd.846395

  35. Geroğlu, B., Mergen, H., Tekgül, N. B. & Alanyalı, F. M. (2016). Ergen danışma merkezine başvuranların Beck depresyon ölçeği ve CES depresyon ölçeği ile değerlendirilmesi [Assesing adolescent admittinig to adolescent counselling & health center with Beck depression scale and CES depression scale], Turkish Journal of Family Praactice, 20 (4). https://dx.doi.org/10.15511/tahd.16.04152

  36. Guy, W. (1976). Clinical global impressions, ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health revised (DHEW Publ. No. ADM 76-338). https://www.scirp.org/(S(351jmbntvnsjt1aadkposzje))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1153932

  37. Gündüz, B., Çapri, B. & Gökçakan, Z. (2012). Üniversite öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi [Examining of the burnout level of university students], Journal of Dicle University Ziya Gökalp Faculty of Education, 19. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/786961

  38. Jairam, D., & Kahl Jr., D. H. (2012). Navigating the doctoral experience: The role of social support in successful degree completion. International Journal of Doctoral Studies, 7. https://doi.org/10.28945/1700

  39. Hisli, N. (1989). Beck depresyon envanterinin üniversite öğrencileri için geçerliği güvenirliği [Validity and reliability of Beck depression inventory for university students]. Journal of Psychology, 7. https://toad.halileksi.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/beck-depresyon-envanteri-toad.pdf

  40. İn, E. Ç. & Kula, Ş. K. (2019) Üniversite öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik ve yaşam doyumunun incelenmesi: kırşehir ahi evran üniversitesi [Examination of burnout and life satisfaction of university students: kirsehir ahi evran university], Journal of Uludag University Faculty of Education, 32 (2). https://doi.org/10.19171/uefad.679322

  41. İskender, H., Dokumacıoğlu, E., Kanbay, Y. & Kılıç, N. (2018). Üniversite öğrencilerinde sağlikli yaşam ve depresyon puan düzeyleri ile ilgili faktörlerin belirlenmesi [Determining the healthy life and depression scores with related factors in university students], ACU Journal of Health Science, 9 (4). https://doi.org/10.31067/0.2018.64

  42. Kaçmaz, N. (2005). Burnout syndrome, Journal Istanbul Faculty Medicine, 68. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/98456

  43. Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2010). Benlik, aile ve insan gelişimi [Ego, family and human development]. Koç University Press.

  44. Karaaslan, İ., Uslu, T. & Esen, S. (2020). Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin mesleki tükenmişlik, iş doyumu ve yaşam doyumlarının incelenmesi [Research on occupational burnout, job satisfaction and life satisfaction of physical education teachers], Journal of Health and Sport Sciences, 3 (1). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1452945

  45. Karadağ, N. & Özdemir, S. (2017). Türkiye’de doktora eğitimi sürecine ilişkin öğretim üyelerinin ve doktora öğrencilerinin görüşleri [The Views of Faculty Members and Phd Students on the Processes of Doctoral Education in Turkey], Journal of Higher Education and Science, 2. https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2017.206

  46. Karadağ, E., Danişman, Ş., Dulay, S., Bayır, Ö. Ö. & Tekel, E. (2018). Eğitim fakültesi araştırma görevlilerinin zorlu akademik yolculukları: doktora tez süreci [Tough academic journey of research assistants in the Faculty of Education: PhD dissertation process], Journal of High Education, 8 (1). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/596741

  47. Karaman, S. & Bakırcı, F. (2010). Türkiye’de lisansüstü eğitim: sorunlar ve çözüm önerileri [Postgraduate education in turkey: problems and solutions]. The Journal of Social Sciences Research, 5 (2), 94-114. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/gopsbad/issue/48557/616554

  48. Karamustafaalioğlu, N., Tomruk, B. N. & Alpay, N. (2004). İki uçlu mizaç bozukluğunda cinsiyet farklılıkları ve tedaviye yansımaları [Gender differences in bipolar disorder and treatment implications], Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 5 (1), https://www.proquest.com/docview/1010418910/fulltextPDF/4B16EF4321F642D3PQ/1?accountid=15959

  49. Karasar, N. (2006). Scientific research methods. Nobel Press.

  50. Karkın, A. M. (2021). Müzik bilimleri alanında yapılan lisansüstü tezlerin incelenmesi [Analysis of the graduate theses in the field of musicology], İnönü University Journal of Art and Design, 1 (2). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/92418

  51. Kaya, C. (2009). Lise öğrencilerinin tükenmişliği yordamada, öğrenilmiş güçlülük düzeyi ve olumsuz otomatik düşüncelerin rolü [The role of learned resourcefulness and negative automatic thoughts in predicting burnout among high school students] [Unpublished Master thesis]. University of İstanbul.

  52. Kılıç, T. & Seymen, A. O. (2011). Sağlik sektöründe, tükenmişlik sendromuna etki eden faktörlerinanalizi ve bir araştirma [Affecting burnout syndrome in the health sector analysis of factors and a research], Journal of Management and Economics Studies, 9 (16). https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/203638

  53. Koşar, D. (2021) Eğitim yönetimi alanında tez yazmak: mezunların deneyimleri [Writing thesis in the field of educational administration: experiences of graduates], The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences, 19 (2). https://doi.org/10.37217/tebd.1005956

  54. Köroğlu, E. (2006). Depresyon nedir? Nasıl baş edilir? [What is depression? How to deal?],Hekimler Press.

  55. Lehrer, P. M. (1987). A review of the approaches to the management of tension and stage fright in music performance, Journal of Research in Music Education, 35 (3). https://doi.org/10.2307/3344957

  56. Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E. & Leiter, M. P. (1997). Maslach Burnout Inventory: Third edition, Scarecrow Education Press.

  57. Mercan, Z. & Şahin, F. T. (2017). Babalık rolü ve farklı kültürlerde babalık rolü algısı, [The Father’s Role and The Fathers Role Perception in Different Cultures], International Journal of Early Childhood Education Studies, 2 (2). http://ijeces.hku.edu.tr/en/download/article-file/359424

  58. Miller, I. & Miller, M. (2003). Jhon E. Freund’s mathematical statistics with applications, 7th edition, Pearson Press.

  59. Palmer, A. & Rodger, S. (2009). Mindfulness, stress, and coping among university students, Canadian Journal of Counselling, 43 (3). https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ849875.pdf

  60. Protivnak, J. J., & Foss, L. L. (2009). An exploration of themes that influence the counselor education doctoral student experience. Counselor Education and Supervision, 48(4). https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2009.tb00078.x

  61. Polat, Ö. & Coşkun, F. (2020). Covid-19 salgınında sağlık çalışanlarının kişisel koruyucu ekipman kullanımları ile depresyon, anksiyete, stres düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi [Determining the relationship between personal protective equipment uses of medical healthcare workers and depression, anxiety and stress levels in the covid-19 pandemic], Medical Journal of Western Black Sea, 4 (2). https://doi.org/10.29058/mjwbs.2020.2.3

  62. Ramel, W., Goldin, P. R., Carmona, P. E. ve McQuaid, J.R. (2004).The effects of mindfulness meditation on cognitive processes and affect in patients with past depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 28 (4). https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023/B:COTR.0000045557.15923.96.pdf

  63. O’Leary, Z. (2017). The essential guide to doing your research project, (3rd. ed.) Sage Publications.

  64. Ölçücü, B., Vatansever, Ş., Özcan, G., Çelik, A. & Paktaş, Y. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite düzeyi ile depresyon ve anksiyete ilişkisi [The relationship between depression, anxiety and physical activity level among university students], International Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences, 4. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/408307

  65. Önal, G. (2022). Kronik hastalığı olan yakınlarına bakım verenlerin depresyon, kaygı, tükenmişlik belirtilerinde ve yas düzeylerinde sosyal destek ve psikolojik dayanıklılığın düzenleyici rolü [The moderator role of social support and psychological resilience in depression, anxiety, burnout symptoms and grief levels of caregivers of their relatives with chronic diseases.],[Unpublished Master thesis]. Hacettepe University.

  66. Öz, M. (2019). Konservatuvar müzik bölümlerinde okuyan üniversite öğrencilerinde sürekli kaygı ve anksiyete duyarlılığının akış deneyimleri ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi [University Studying in Conservatory Music Department Flow Experiences of Trait Anxiety and Anxiety Sensitivity in Students Examining the Relationship],[Unpublished Master thesis]. Istanbul Development University.

  67. Özdel, L., Bostancı, M., Özdel, O. & Oğuzhanoğlu, N. K. (2002). Üniversite öğrencilerinde depresif belirtiler ve sosyodemografik özelliklerle ilişkisi [The relationship with sociodemographic characteristics and depressive symptoms in university students], Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry, 3. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/NalanOguzhanoglu/publication/265922906_Universite_ogrencilerinde_depresif_belirtiler_ve_sosyodemografik_ozelliklerle_iliskisi/links/551514bb0cf260a7cb2e7cc8/Ueniversite-oegrencilerinde-depresif-belirtiler-ve-sosyodemografik-oezelliklerle-iliskisi.pdf

  68. Özdemir, Y. A. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon düzeylerinin toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ve bilişsel esneklik düzeyleri bakımından incelenmesi, [Examining the depression levels of university students in terms of gender roles and cognitive flexibility levels], [Unpublished Master thesis]. Isık University.

  69. Özmen, M. Z. & Güç, F. A. (2013). Doktora eğitimi ile ilgili yaşanan zorluklar ve baş etme stratejileri: Durum çalışması [Challenges in Doctoral Education and Coping Strategies: A Case Study], Journal of Higher Education and Science, 3. https://dx.doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2013.079

  70. Özevin, B., Canayak, U. E. & Beylik, Ç. (2021). Müzik öğretmenliği ve lisansüstü Eğitim: Dokuz eylül üniversitesi örneği [Music Education and Postgraduate Study: The Case of Dokuz Eylül University], Journal of Higher Education and Science, 11 (3). https://dx.doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2021.471

  71. Schaufeli, W. B., Martinez, I. M., Pinto, A. M., Salanova, M. & Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: a cross national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33 (5). https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022102033005003

  72. Selen, S. A., Alemdaroğlu, İ., Öksüz, Ç., Karaduman, A. A. & Yılmaz, Ö. T. (2018). Genç bireylerde fiziksel aktivitenin akademik başari ve depresyon üzerine etkisi [The effect of physical activity on academic success and depression in young individuals], Journal of Occupational Theraphy and Rehabilitation, 6 (1). https://doi.org/10.30720/ered.417878

  73. Shapiro, S. L., Schwartz, G. E. & Bonner, G. (1998). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on medical and premedical students, Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 21. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1018700829825

  74. Seçer, B. (2021). Akademisyen olmayanlar açısından doktora eğitimi [Doctorate education for non-academics], İzmir Journal of Economics, 36 (2). https://doi.org/10.24988/ije.202136204

  75. Steptoe, A., & Fidler, H. (1987). Stage fright in orchestral musicians: A study of cognitive and behavioural strategies in performance anxiety. British Journal of Psychology, 78 (2). https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1987.tb02243.x

  76. Talşık, E. (2016). Müzik öğretmenlerinin mesleki genel yeterlik algıları ile doyum ve tükenmişlik düzeyleriarasındaki bağlantının incelenmesi [Examining the relationship between music teachers' perceptions of professional general efficacy and their satisfaction and burnout levels], Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of the Faculty of Education, 37. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/181548

  77. Taytaş, M & Kardaş, F. (2022). Ergenlerde azim, umut ve öz-yeterliğin depresyon ile ilişkisi [The Relationship of Perseverance, Hope and Self-Effıcacy with Depression on Adolescents], The Journal of School Counseling, 5 (1), https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/2046699

  78. Temel, E., Bahar, A. & Çuhadar, D. (2007). Öğrenci hemşirelerin stresle baş etme tarzları ve depresyon düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Determination of coping attitude with stress and depression level of nursing students], Fırat Journal of Health Services, 2 (5). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237745281_Ogrenci_Hemsirelerin_Stresle_Basetme_Tarzlari_ve_Depresyon_Duzeylerinin_Belirlenmesi

  79. Temel, F. & Doğan, D. C. (2017). Scaling the sections that graduate students have difficulty in the course of writing thesis proposal with pairwise comparison method, Bartın University Journal of Education, 6 (1). https://doi.org/10.14686/buefad.263859

  80. Tezel, F. Ş. & Cevher, F. N. (2007). Türk toplumunda aile-çocuk ilişkilerine genel bir bakiş [An overview of family-child relationships in Turkish society], https://www.ayk.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/TEZEL-%C5%9EAH%C4%B0N-Fatma-CEVHER-Fatma-Nilg%C3%BCn-T%C3%9CRK-TOPLUMUNDA-A%C4%B0LE-%C3%87OCUK %C4%B0L%C4%B0%C5 %9E K%C4%B0LER%C4%B0NE-GENEL-B%C4%B0R-BAKI%C5%9E.pdf

  81. Tobacyk, J. J., & Downs, A. (1986). Personal construct threat and irrational beliefs as cognitive predictors of increases in musical performance anxiety. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(4). https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.51.4.779

  82. Tuna, H., Gürpınar, B., Tuz, K., Gürgen, T. E. & İlçin, N. Ö. (2021). Üniversite öğrencilerinde müzik dinleme tercihinin fiziksel aktivite, depresyon ve uyku kalitesine etkisi [The effect of university students' music type preferences on physical activity, depression and sleep quality], Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Social Sciences Institute, 34. https://doi.org/10.20875/makusobed.878726

  83. Tunç, Y. A. & Yapıcı, G. (2019). Bir tıp fakültesindeki öğrencilerin depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of depression, anxiety and stress levels of students in a medical school], Turkish Journal of Public Health, 17 (2), https://doi.org/10.20518/tjph.423636

  84. Tunçel, N. T. & Süt, K. H. (2019). Gebelikte yaşanan anksiyete, depresyon ve prenatal distres düzeyinin doğum öncesi bebeğe bağlanmaya etkisi [The effect of anxiety, depression and prenatal distress levels in pregnancy on prenatal attachment], The Journal of Gynecology - Obstetrics and Neonatology, 16 (1). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/931888

  85. Tuzcu, G. (2003). Lisansüstü öğretim için yurtdışına öğrenci göndermenin planlanması [Sending students abroad for postgraduate education planning], Journal of National Education, 31. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/milliegitim/issue/36938

  86. Ulaş, B., Tatlıbadem, B., Nazik, F., Sönmez, M. & Uncu,F. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde depresyon sıklığı ve ilişkili elementler [Prevalence of depression and associated elements in university students], Journal of Celal Bayar University Institute of Health Sciences, 2 (3). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/207796

  87. Ülev, E. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinde bilinçli farkındalık düzeyi ile stresle başa çıkma tarzının depresyon, kaygı ve stress belirtileriyle ilişkisi [The Relationship Between Mindfulness and Coping Styles with Depression, Anxiety and Stress Symptoms in University Students],[Unpublished Master thesis]. Hacettepe University.

  88. Ünal, Ç. & İlter, İ. (2010). Sınıf öğretmeni adaylarının lisansüstü eğitime olan tutumları (Fırat, Erzincan ve İnönü Üniversitesi sınıf öğretmenliği ABD örneği) [Attitudes of classroom teacher candidates toward graduate education], Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 14 (2). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/487065

  89. Wright, T. (2003). Postgraduate research students: people in context?, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 31(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/0306988031000102379

  90. Yenihan, B., Çakır, N. N. & Alabaşoğlu, B. (2018). Cinsiyet farkliliğinin tükenmişlik ve yaşam doyumuna etkisi: kirklareli üniversitesinde görev yapan araştirma görevlileri üzerine bir araştirma [the impact of life satisfaction and burnout on gender difference: a study on research asisstants working at kirkrlareli university], Kirklareli University Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 7 (1). https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/460789

  91. Yıldırım, İ., Özşevik, K., Özer, S., Canyurt, E. & Tortop, Y. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde fiziksel aktivite ile depresyon ilişkisi [The correlation between physical activities and depression status among the university students], Niğde University Journal of Physical Education And Sport Sciences, 9. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1031641

  92. YÖK [Council of Higher Education] (2021). Higher education information management system bulletin, https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/

bottom of page